Introduction Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is a broad-spectrum antiseptic formed by complexing iodine with polyvinylpyrrolidone. Widely used in surgical scrubs, preoperative skin preparation, wound care, and disinfectants, povidone-iodine combines potent antimicrobial activity with relative stability and ease of formulation (solutions, ointments, swabs, scrubs). Its importance spans hospitals,...